Napoleon (1955) Soldier and Emperor | Directed by Sacha Guitry | Drama film
It’s all over. The emperor? Yes. Well… Perhaps now we can speak of him. Monsieur de Talleyrand,
would you consent to give us this evening your opinion of the emperor? No, Madame, it is not necessary that I should have any opinion about him. I must truthfully confess, Prince, as far as I’m concerned, at no time did I ever like Napoleon. That, Madame, is by
no means as important as you may think, no. Besides, that is not the point. That is not the point? No, Madame, no that is not the point. On the day of Napoleon’s
death it’s not important whether you liked him or not. But surely I have the right to say… Why no, Madame, no you
don’t have that right. If you think you have something
extremely witty to say, something cruel even,
concerning the emperor, say it. You may, Madame, go as far as blasphemy. Because a witticism is a sacred thing. But to give us your opinion on one of the greatest men
the world has ever known, no, Madame, no! Emperor Napoleon has need of no one. And nothing can touch him. For 20 years that woman’s
been getting on my nerves. She has the impudence to
express her opinion of him. Why, if we’d allowed her to
speak, she would have finished by saying, were I in his place, I’d have done such-and-such a thing. For people are that way. They put themselves in the place of the great men they judge. Whereas individuals are facts. Even more so when it has to do with a man who she dared to talk about. A fact is a fact. Can’t be argued about. You can record it, you can examine it. Relate it. Well, Prince, since it can be related, tell us about the emperor. Once… There existed an extraordinary being who nevertheless resembled a man. He was born on an island. Dreamed all his life of
conquering an island. Was exiled to an island. And against his will, expired on an island. It started in Ajaccio, on August the 15th, 1769. Oh, oh! Oh, oh. While some months
before, King Louis XV… Choiseul? Sire? We must acquire Corsica. Sire, it has been
considered for some time. Well then, I should not like
it to be delayed any longer. Is it not important, Sire, to solve the problems of more urgency? No. How right was that decision. 45 days more and Napoleon
would have been Italian. There is not much known
of his formative years, other than that he entered
the school of Brienne at the age of 10, on April the 23rd, 1779. Only one of these children
dared to approach him and give him his hand. And who was that boy? That boy, dear Madame, was… Monsieur de Bourrienne. That boy, dear Madame,
was Monsieur de Bourrienne. Come in, Bourrienne, come in. My respects, sir. We were speaking of
you, as a matter of fact. Of me? Yes, yes, yes, you timed it perfectly. I would like you to meet
Monsieur de Bourrienne, who first was his schoolmate,
became the friend, and then later private
secretary to the emperor. I think you know my friends, Monsieur and Madame de Blanc-Mesnil. Do sit down. And now, Bourrienne, tell us
what he was like, Bonaparte, when he entered the school of Brienne. – Oh, the same as when he
left it: taciturn, surly, and often quarrelsome. When he left military school he was 16. And a second lieutenant. But he doesn’t like being second. Bonaparte. Two months later, he
was a first lieutenant. But he was still not satisfied. So little in fact that
he applied for leave, and soon departed for Corsica, his island home. A home he’d not seen for six years. There he made the acquaintance
of three little boys and two little girls. They were Louis, Lucien, Jerome, Pauline, and Caroline Bonaparte. Caroline, who was to be Murat’s wife. Jerome, who was to be King of Westphalia. Lucien, Prince of Canino. And Louis, who was to
receive the crown of Holland. And Pauline, Pauline Borghese, in his eyes the most beautiful woman on earth. Having rejoined his regiment at Auxonne, he pledged allegiance to the king with all the officers of the corps. Yet a few months later
found him at Ajaccio distributing to his countrymen the tri-colored cockades
he brought from France. Then, promoted to captain,
he returned to Paris, and on February the 6th, 1792, we both witnessed the
attack on the Tuileries. He saw Louis XVI crowned
with a Phrygian bonnet, the Cap of Liberty, and in
disgust exclaimed, “Numb-skull!” Sick at heart with the
spectacle he’d just witnessed, he left once more for Corsica. It was here, in 1793, that
he learns that Louis XVI had been beheaded on the 21st of January. It doesn’t surprise him. But some months later a much more alarming piece of news reaches him. His elder brother Joseph, who wields considerable
influence in political circles, informs him that on August the 28th, Toulon had surrendered to the English, and begs him to return. The following week,
Napoleon lands at Toulon, where his brother awaits him. So many things to tell him. Most important is Toulon,
the city has surrendered, abandoned to the enemy. And it is partially at his suggestion that Bonaparte is to be consulted. No, no, not at all, General. It’s not that he’s Corsican like me that I want him on your staff. By the information received from Paris, we’re told he’s a gifted
artillery officer. Battalion Commander Bonaparte. Saliceti, your compatriot. Robespierre the Younger. Gasparin. We three represent the people. General Carteaux. General Petit. General Dugommier. You are of course aware of the situation in which we find ourselves. In that connection, Paris has sent us
instructions concerning you. Have you any suggestions? Any opinions? As an artillery man? I have more: a plan. Already? Regardless of any other consideration, I think that this very night
we must place a battery on la Garenne Heights. Extraordinary idea. I do not think it a bad one, since its objective is the
capture of Fort Mulgrave and Fort I’Eguillette. Oh, young man, you’re going
a bit too fast, I’d say. It seems to me that
we have no time to lose. I will require a hundred
cannon within six weeks, and the assurance that I am to
be granted complete freedom. You are a painter I’m told, General. Please do your painting, and pray leave me to get on with my work. Have you been in combat yet? Not up to now. But I know that victory is possible only under one command. It is agreed, you will be in command. Rest assured, you will have your cannons. And already you have our confidence. And now, where is this Bonaparte? The little general? He’s up there. Forward, gunners! Faster, faster! So much
cold-blooded determination and such precision savored of a miracle. On one hand was the
idiotic egoism of a man who refused to risk his position, on the other there were those who perhaps were beginning to understand. It was ardent youth opposed to old age without its experience. It was vanity as opposed to pride. And it was routine opposed to genius. You are appointed
temporary brigadier general. An appointment
which from that moment became permanent. Are you satisfied? I’ve just been born, Joseph! Good bye, good bye, you English! Vive la France! Vive la France! At this time,
near Marseilles there lived a well-to-do family of which
the three principal members were the mother and the two daughters. One of them, Julie, had
become the wife of Joseph. And during the next few days, it was the charm of her sister, Desiree, that captured Napoleon. And, cloaked in the magic of moonlight, he declared his love and asked. Are you in love? I’m not certain. You asked me yesterday if I was in love. Yes. I’m more certain than I was. I have to leave tomorrow. But I won’t go without swearing
I will love you always. Forever. And you are the man
who has stolen my heart. But this vow lasted
no longer than the life of a rose. And here he is, back in Paris in his modest
room in the Hotel des Patriotes Hollandais. Come in. General Bonaparte? That’s me, yes. This is the third time I’ve been here since Wednesday night. I was to give you this letter personally, so I kept coming back. Signed, Barras,
virtual dictator of France, who invited him to come to his home without fail upon receipt of this letter. As it happened, Barras was
giving a soiree that evening. One of his famous soirees. Too famous. Now then, look at that. Two, three, and I can make
it appear and disappear. Shhh! Will you all please stop talking? And will the orchestra stop playing? I should like you to applaud, to acclaim, the victor of Toulon, this general of 26, none other than General Buonaparte. But must one say Buonaparte, or Bonaparte? Bonaparte. Times change, and names with them. Don’t you recognize your brother Lucien? Of course. Will you introduce me, please? Madame Tallien would like to know you. And I would like you to
know how much I admire you. Madame wishes to
present her compliments. Could do with a haircut, couldn’t he? Who is she? Josephine de Beauharnais, one of the intermittent
mistresses of Barras. Introduce me. My brother, General Napoleon Bonaparte. Where is he? He’s talking to Madame de Beauharnais. He’s going to steal her away. It’s his right to go
from victory to victory. And you have nothing to say to me. No. I’ll leave you. Can I borrow him? Yes, but… I want him back. I promise. He’s Puss in Boots. I think he overheard. I fear you’ve made an enemy. Or perhaps a new conquest. Here he is, gentlemen. He’s a bit young. Of course, he is young. But at Toulon we had the
evidence of his ability. And, he accepts? Have I told you you’ve been promoted to
commandingthe Army of Italy, general? No you haven’t. My thanks, I’m honored. And will I be able to have Murat? Whomever you wish. I’ve just seen Sieyes at his house. He was formal. We are to apply without restraint the edicts sanctioned against
royalism by the Convention. The insurgents intend to take
refuge in certain churches, and Sieyes believes it best to attack, and break their rush at the start. And that the ideal spot
would be Saint-Roch. Well? You can count on me. I’m not in favor of
his talking to Barras. He is as dangerous as Robespierre I feel. I agree. And he at least was The Incorruptible. As Barras is the corrupter. Permit me to withdraw. I advise you to. I have the impression
that I’m out of place here. I have a strong
impression of the contrary. Um, Talleyrand, is he important? Very. He’s a man who could make
a dung heap smell sweet. Till tomorrow. Till tomorrow. I’m saying goodnight, only to you. And so you make everyone go. I wanted you to be the only one to see the way I look at you. Good night. Good night. My friends! I have the most interesting news for you. The sun has risen! Orchestra, play the minarcho! The day that followed this was to be a memorable one. And while the revelry continued at Barras, on the steps of the Church of Saint-Roch, the last royalists perished. Is Madame expecting the General? She is not. And whom shall I announce? Puss in Boots. Very good, General. Why Puss in Boots? Because you said it. You weren’t meant to hear it. In any case, it does not
seem appropriate today. What do think would be? What’s the matter? Are you afraid of me? Yes, that’s right. Baptize me, anyway. Then I may? I insist. General of the Massacre. You’ll pay for that. I’m sure I will. And now you’re looking for a way. No, I have a way. You come from Martinique? Yes. And you were born a de La Pagerie? Yes. You were married at 16,
to General de Beauharnais, who was guillotined during the Terror, and by whom you had two children. Do you love them? Naturally. Do you know, after
the Saint-Roch rising, or massacre, if you wish, do you know that yesterday
the inhabitants of Paris were ordered to surrender
their weapons at the Town Hall? So I heard. Is your son here? Yes. Will you ask him to come here? Yes. Eugene! No need for anxiety. General Bonaparte wishes
to tell you something. Eugene de Beauharnais,
I place in your hands the sword that belonged to your father. Oh, thank you! Thank you. If I were to tell you
that what happened yesterday at Saint-Roch I did because I wanted
to bring you this sword, you’d believe it? No. And you would be right. And if I were to tell you that I did it partly because of you, would you believe me? No. There you might be quite wrong. I’ve had more than enough of seeing you smile at me pityingly. I prefer you afraid of me. One more question, and the last. How old are you? Oh… Well, if I’m going to marry you. 32 years old. And I’m 26. You’ll take off six years,
and I’ll put three onto mine. And then we’ll meet
somewhere along the way. How lovely you are, Josephine. I love you. And on the 9th of March,
he married her, in five minutes. They said they were the same age, and he claimed to have been born in Paris for some reason that has
never been explained. And then, back to war. The eagle landed at the bridge at Arcole,
where glory was awaiting him. 20 victories sit well
on these young shoulders. Though those young eyes
seems somewhat spent. I look at you with great emotion. When I think you’re going
to seduce all France. Even before governing her. And now General, shall we sit down? And tell me, what are your immediate projects? What do you suggest? You better go away. Yes, the position you occupy now is much more important
even than you imagine. And of course you will
inevitably create enemies. You can’t possibly destroy them as yet. No, the fruit’s not ripe for picking. Even though it’s worm-eaten already. Yes, France is eaten up by a virus. This virus is not Barras or Sieyes. The name of it is fear. Return in a year. And give me your confidence. Well you see perfectly well
that I’m giving you mine. But don’t betray me. What are you laughing about? Do you want me to promise the same thing? Yes. Very well then. I shall never betray you without notifying you the day before. What should I do? Leave Europe. Listen, go and have a look at Egypt. See if the English aren’t about. And since you hate England… That’s not quite correct. And I should be distressed if I learned upon waking one fine morning that England existed no more. Still, a fine morning is what you said. Oh… Murat. What was the secret you
were telling Kleber? What Berthier told me, that’s all. I would appreciate knowing
what it was you said. It was about a gesture
that Junot just made. Gentlemen, I must tell
you something unbelievable, you all lack courage. What was Junot’s gesture? What was it Berthier said to Murat? What was it Murat said to Kleber? It was that you were cheating. Do you think I’m the only
one of you who doesn’t know it? What difference can that possibly make, as when the game’s over
I will honestly give back everything you will have lost. Then General, would it be indiscreet to ask why you cheat? Because I never leave
anything to chance. Massacre them, Murat! Does your family ever write to you? Yes, sometimes. I envy you. Do they ever mention Madame Bonaparte? Now and again a few words. But of no particular interest. General Murat. Conquering hero of the day. Let me thank you. The battle was a hard one, but I’m well rewarded. You have no equal when it comes courage. You’ve rendered up an immense service. No, no, General. You’re the man of genius, nobody else. You’re not going to speak to
him of his wife’s escapades? Why not? Why should you? Look at the way he carries
on with Madame Foures, who loves to dress up like a man. Always calls her his pretty cat. Oh, that is entirely different. Your children will be
proud to be called Murat. What do you want? You just name it, no matter what. Oh… Please don’t ask me that, I beg you. Why not? Anything you want. I want to marry. Who…? Oh, no no, not her. That’s over, finished, done with. No, there’s another. I adore her.
Ah. And you want me to ask
for her hand in marriage? No, to grant it. Grant it, how, me? Yes. It’s Mademoiselle Caroline. What? My sister? Yes. I’m in love with her. But, but she’s only 16. I don’t believe that is an obstacle. Caroline? Madame Murat. It was you who said my
children would be proud to be called Murat. No, no. Please don’t refuse it tonight. But I haven’t refused. You mean you might say yes? I mean that I might say it. Thank you. Tell me, Junot. I’ve been thinking about it all the while. In those letters you receive from Paris, what do they write about my wife? Well, it’s most embarrassing. Here is the problem I have to solve. Must I tell you the truth or be discrete? You’re clumsy, aren’t you? Because you hear some rumor, you think it’s the truth, don’t you? Well? I’m told that she’s
deceiving you openly. Clumsy or not, I strongly
believe it my duty to inform you. It’s unthinkable that the
wife of so great a man should make him ridiculous. Bourrienne! If all Paris didn’t speak
of it, I wouldn’t echo it. Do they mention names? One, that’s all. That’s why it’s serious. Barras again? No, it’s over with Barras. Who is it? Hippolyte Charles. That puny wretch I threw
out of the army in Italy? Why, it’s impossible! He’s living at Malmaison. I’m extremely disappointed
in you, Bourrienne. If you were really loyal
you would have told me that which I’ve learned from Junot. There you have a faithful friend. Permit me to have an
opinion to the contrary. As 1,200 leagues from Paris, it was not very urgent. I have no need to be
near to decide something concerning me alone. I divorce her today. And both of you are witnesses. And my decision ends
my friendship with you. With you, for having informed me. And with you Bourrienne
for not having done so. On the 22nd of August he embarked, not bringing aboard Madame Foures, and leaving his army in Egypt. And we landed at Frejus
on the 9th of October. There you can imagine some
of the things he learned. These people didn’t speak to
him of the Egyptian campaign any more than they
asked him to go to Italy and win some battles. No, what mattered to them,
and seemed more urgent, was to overthrow the Directoire, and to save France. Mama. Is my wife here? No, she went ahead to meet you. But she’s taken the wrong road. But there’s a wonderful surprise. Come, my son. We have to talk alone, right away. Yes, yes, just a second. But, what made Josephine
go away like that? Because the news of your return had got about rather quickly in Paris, you can well imagine. No doubt she desired to
see you before you saw us. She’s certainly right to suppose that you’ve heard many of the rumors circulated about her in your absence. Naturally, she’s the
most envied lady in France. Not only the most envied, but her natural flightiness, the imprudences she commits, even her past. And her age. And all the foolish debts she
contracted in your absence. She’s been reproached for all of it, and perhaps much too thoroughly. The fact is, all of
France is disappointed you didn’t make a better
marriage, my dear brother. It’s inadmissible that the
wife of General Bonaparte should be seen everywhere
with a young gallant. It’s intolerable that anyone should ridicule a national hero. And what they can’t understand is why you should accept it. But who says that I accept it? I accept nothing. I’m no weaker nor more
naive than anyone else. But what I’m not very pleased
about is your bitterness. You have never loved her, never. And it is possible I’d have cared less had you thought more of
her at the very outset. I like a family united, not torn apart by quarrels. Good night. All the things of Madame that are here, every bit of clothing, coats, dresses, underwear, shoes, hats, you will put it all in valises,
or if need be in trunks, and leave it all with the gatekeeper, with orders not to allow
Madame Bonaparte to enter. Should she be thoughtless enough or audacious enough to return. That will do, those are my orders. Rather than see her again, I would prefer my heart
were torn out by the roots. Am I right? No. No? No. Is it her? Yes. You’re not I hope going to ask me to show her any indulgence? I wouldn’t take that liberty. But how you at this time can
devote even a single minute to problems of this nature, I’m at a loss to understand. Will you please open
the door for one minute? There are things you don’t understand. Oh, I beg you, open please. What is the amount of the debts that you foolishly
contracted in my absence? Tell me. Perhaps a million. Monsieur de Bourrienne. Good morning, Bourrienne. A very good morning to you. Ah yes, Bourrienne, that’s how it is. Good morning, Monsieur Bourienne. Good morning, Madame. What news is there? General, in Paris they are only talking about your return. The people expect a revolution. Then Bourrienne they
mustn’t be disappointed. But it is important that we
spare them the spectacle. So that faced with a fait accompli, their role is limited to a commission. Roustam, my slippers and my robe, at once. Yes, General. My intentions for the
moment are to remain at home. Not to accept a solitary
invitation, to go nowhere. To no parties or theatrical presentations. Not to step outside. Everybody knows by this
time that you’ve returned. Well then let them all come here. But I want it to be said that I didn’t take a single
step in their direction. Thank you. No, give me some tea, that’s all. I know what I want. They don’t know what I want, nor do they know what they want. And how do you know it? Because I know them. So my tactics are as follows. Have them force upon me, what
I’ve already decided to do. No. I’m not going out of my way. If he has something to discuss, let him take the trouble to
come here and discuss it. I have no wish to run
the risk of an affront. Barras, my dear friend, you’re not simplifying
matters at the moment. I will not call on him at his house. I’ll resign first. The idea doesn’t seem a bad one. Have you called upon
him yourself, Fouche? Do you think Monsieur de
Talleyrand will go out of his way? Certainly not. Monsieur de Talleyrand
and President Sieyes request to see you at once, General. Hm, show them into the salon. You see, I was right. Now the parade begins. Thank you. Let’s go. Until later, darling. Ah, Egypt was useful. Shall we sit down? I would like you to know, General, of my very sincere and
my very great admiration. You have covered yourself with
glory in Italy and in Egypt. And through me, all
France wishes to express its profound gratitude. Coming from you, as
President of the Directoire, these words touch me profoundly. That’s done. Now my friends, let us be serious. Why don’t we all sit down now. The Directoire is almost dead. And since we must never regret anything, let’s say all the better, and let us act. Monsieur Gohier and Roger Ducos to see you, General. They too are on your side. Of course. Their opposition would be of
little sense or value, if any. Please show them in. Yes, right away. Let me talk. Ah, my friends, there’s
not even a second to be lost. And as of today, we are to place in the
hands of General Bonaparte the fate of the Republic. So that he make short work of it. Go on. And, since we must set
aside a day for that, is it imperative that we
immediately chose a date. General, shall we say
the day after tomorrow? 9th of November, 18th Brumaire
in the new calendar, yes. Then I advise, in
accordance with Article 102, it be decreed that the
legislative corps be transferred to Saint-Cloud, as well as having General Bonaparte named commander-in-chief of troops
of the Division of Paris. And of the National Guard. And of the National Guard. Monsieur Fouche asks
to be received, General. Show him in. I was about to say it. I’m sorry. But having decided I would
open all doors for you, even your own… I’ve only this instant left Barras, with a remark of his
still ringing in my ears. What was it? That “I will resign first” rather than do such-and-such a thing. He feels quite sick, worn
out, unpopular, tired, more or less ready to retire
from government service. What is your opinion,
Monsieur de Talleyrand? I’m not even sure he
doesn’t mean what he says. Well. Yes. Here I invited 30 people to luncheon. And nobody came. And then I believe that I may dispense with further comment. That is the situation, Barras. And your conduct is dictated very clearly
by the absence of Sieyes, of Roger Ducos, of Bernadotte himself. Of Moulin. Of Gohier. You’d better resign, Barras. No. Give me some champagne. Yes, and something to write with. Ah, that must be the reply from the Directoire. Present… Arms! Soldiers! The Council of Elders has given me command of the city and the Army. You’ve been hoping that my return would bring an end to many wrongs. I shall fulfill the obligations imposed on me through your faith, with liberty, victory, and peace. The French Republic
will regain the position she occupied Europe that inertia and treason
alone caused her to lose. General Lefebvre! Are you with me, or are you
returning to the Directoire? For me there’s no
question, I am remaining. To Saint-Cloud! To Saint-Cloud! Citizens, do not force me to adjourn! I will not have any discussion relative to the nomination of General Bonaparte to the command of the
Army of the Interior, which I must ask you to
consider as a fait accompli! – Mr. President.
– Thank you. My friends, the Directoire no longer exists. And here are the terms of the resignation of Citizen Barras. Citizen President, having entered public affairs solely by my passion for liberty, I only agreed to share with anyone my direction of the State. The fantasy of the law is violated! What have you done with our France, that I left so brilliant? I left the country at
peace, not torn by strife. This state of things,
we will not tolerate! – Let me…
– Let me speak! In less than three years they
would bring us despotism, but we want a republic. That republic founded on
the basis of equality, of morality, of freedom of the people, of tolerance in politics! General! We applaud what you’ve said! But swear with us obedience to this constitution of ours, that alone may preserve the republic! The constitution?! You violated it at the 18th Fructidor. Violated it the 22nd Floreal! Violated it the 30th Prairial! Down with the dictator! Follow me! Come on, come on! Get that rabble out of here! All semblance of
opposition thus disappearing, Lefebvre recaptured 40 deputies
and then conducted a session that was both droll and ludicrous. Article number one. The Directoire is abolished. Article two. The Constituent Assembly is no more. But the constitution remains. Article three. If only tonight we could get the General to attend the performance
of Mehul’s new opera. But he told me yesterday he didn’t want to be seen anywhere. Yes, but everything’s changed now. Article three, gentlemen. As a result, the Consulate is instituted, composed of three members. Monsieur Abbe Sieyes. Citizen Roger Ducos,
and General Bonaparte. The three consuls will
preside, each one in turn. Beginning alphabetically? Compatriots. Pledge yourselves as we do,
to swear your allegiance to the Republic, one and indivisible. Founded on liberty. Go ahead, Pierre. One second. Constant! Please ask Monsieur de
Bourrienne to come in. General, this letter
seems to me of a nature that is apt to surprise you. It was written by King Louis XVIII. Read it to me. Regardless of their conduct outwardly, those men such as you, monsieur,
never inspire uneasiness. More than anyone, you
know what is required in force and power to forge the
happiness of a great nation. Save our France, and
you will have fulfilled the first wish of my heart. Give her back her king, and future generations
will bless your memory. General, Europe’s observing
you, glory awaits you, and I am impatient to
restore peace to my people. Louis XVIII. Now write. After all, I can’t let
the letter go unanswered. Sir, I have received your letter. I thank you for all the kind
thoughts that you expressed. You should not wish to return to France. And from under the
deft hands of the barber, emerged a different man. There was a complete transformation from one day to the next. And it was deliberate, because his behavior was extraordinary from that day forward. First, he went through a
long period of silence. And since he wasn’t the sort
of man of whom one could ask, what are you thinking about, he was able to keep his
thoughts to himself. But what nobody, not even
Josephine understood, was why he adopted the
uniform of a colonel. He who was a general, and
in addition First Consul. No explanation for it was ever given. Of fabulous intelligence, he saw everything, understood everything, divined everything. I well know that these
distinctions are trinkets. But it is by these trinkets
that one may lead men, civil or military. Write this. To His Majesty the Tsar, Emperor of All the Russias. Sire, I bring to the attention
of Your Majesty… The delegation from the Senate. One second. That’s all. All right, Roustam. Monsieur the First Consul, these are the terms of the
decision made by the Senate. Article number one. The government of the Republic,
is entrusted to an emperor, to bear the title of
Emperor of the French. Article two. Napoleon Bonaparte, at present
First Consul of the Republic, is Emperor of the French. It is with profound emotion that I place this document
in the hands of Your Majesty, at this very instant,
proclaiming for the glory as well as the happiness of the Republic, Napoleon, Emperor of the French. All that may contribute to
the welfare of the nation, is inextricably linked to my happiness. I accept the title that you think useful to the glory of the nation. And I submit to the sanction of the people the terms of the
declaration you have made. Who are those who voted
against this decision? Only one, Sire. Lazare Carnot. He is a distinguished exception. Now, Sire. Brienne. Yes, I was thinking. But let us finish my letter to the Tsar. How does it begin? I bring to the attention
of Your Majesty… No. No, I’ll rewrite it. Start this way. My royal brother. I bring to your attention… And then,
having restored the dignity of the title, Marshal of France, he created 18 on the same day. Augereau, Massena,
Kellermann, Lefebvre, Ney, Murat, Bernadotte, Lannes,
Mortier, Davout, and so on. Being at Fontainebleau, the emperor went out
hunting at about noon. Actually it had been agreed that the meeting should take place there. And to add a dramatic touch, the sovereign pontiff and the emperor were to feign great surprise. They didn’t neglect to do so, which was amusing enough. Then the emperor showed
His Holiness Pius VII the wing at Fontainebleau
where for two years he would be under the emperor’s wing. Which was less amusing. Finally, on the 2nd of December, the coronation immortalized
by David took place. However he quickly gives up his first idea of attacking England, and instead aims his cannons at Austria. With a gesture that was
to immortalize his hat, Napoleon left Paris at about six on the morning of
September the 24th, 1805. And we are now going to try to follow him. Victor at Donauworth, now he
personally enters the fray. Murat covers himself
with glory at Wertingen. Then, immediately after the
dazzling victory of Marshal Ney, the emperor had the town of Ulm bombarded. Segur. And he
sends General de Segur to the commander-in-chief
of the Austrian armies to ask if he is prepared to surrender. At eight o’clock on the
19th, he does surrender. And beginning the next day,
in the presence of Ney, 33,000 prisoners marched
by, laying down their arms at the emperor’s feet. Giving up as well 40
standards and 60 cannon. This new victory encouraged
Napoleon to continue the war. We are going into a battle which will determine the future. I entrust command of my
left wing to Marshal Lannes. The right wing to Marshal Soult. The center to Marshal Bernadotte. And the entire cavalry to Prince Murat. Murat, will you please hold your tongue. General Suchet’s division will be to the right of Marshal Lannes. And finally, Murat’s cavalry will be behind Kellermann’s hussars. Look, the sun is with us. Engage the enemy and return victorious. I salute you, gentlemen. Vive la France! Long live the emperor! Good evening, sit down. The things that I have to
say are of extreme gravity. The idea that first came to me was to speak to each of you separately, but being aware of a
certain amount of dissension among most of you, I decided to re-unite you, and inform you of the
decisions that concern you and that I’ve made. No one may flatter himself with having a greater family sense
than I, as I will prove. Joseph. Joseph, you are the oldest of us, so I will address myself to you first. On my accession to the throne I made you First Prince of the Blood. Today I make you King of Naples. Luciano, I made you Prince of Canino. And I’ll never forget what you did for me, and how you helped me
the 18th of Brumaire. But you most unhappily
contracted a marriage that deprives me of the pleasure of giving you the crown of Spain. But, I don’t want anything. No, that’s true, you
don’t want anything. But what is important
is to assure the Empire a line that is valid. On the one hand, Joseph
not having a male child, your children rightfully succeed me. Since Corvisart tells me I
cannot possibly have one. Although I’m certain it’s
Josephine who is at fault. Nonetheless, if I still
hesitate to divorce her, that is why. Luciano, for the last time I’m asking you. Divorce, marry the daughter of a king, and keep your wife in the background. Which would dishonor her,
myself, and my children. I refuse. Tomorrow you will have
your passports for America. Very well, Sire. Louis. I make you King of Holland. I am deeply grateful, Your Majesty. Jerome, because you have consented
to break that marriage with Miss Patterson, and because you’re marrying the Grand Duchess of Wurttemberg, as soon as you’re married
you’ll be King of Westphalia. Since this is the honor
you see fit to bestow on me, I most profoundly thank Your Majesty. They all seem eager to bow
to the wishes of the emperor. And if you think for
a second that Jerome will give up his little American
for the sake of a throne, you’re mistaken. Nobody asked you for your
opinion, hold your tongues! To hear you talk, anyone would
think that I had robbed you of the inheritance of a royal father. Say goodnight to me, and
go argue if you must, somewhere else. Yes, I’m coming. We’ll see about that. Perhaps, later. We’ll see. And as for you, my dear brothers, set an example in dignity. Abstain from those frivolous pleasures that are degrading for the heart and a detriment to the state. Good evening, Mademoiselle. Good evening, sir, oh I’m sorry. Good evening, Sire. I’m not nervous, believe me, but. Oh, no? Not a bit, really. I was suddenly so excited
at your resemblance. To whom? To you. It’s amazing how much
you resemble yourself. Of course it’s true, we see
your picture everywhere. There’s probably no one
better-known than you. What is your name? Eleonore. But, I’d be glad to change it if you like. Eleonore, is that all? No, Denuelle. And there’s more to it. Denuelle de La Plaigne. It seems I’m the daughter
of the old San Forblas, but how can one be certain? Married? We’re divorcing. Do you see each other? Five minutes a month. Yes, the rules are very strict in prison. Ah, he’s in… In prison, yes. He’s a scoundrel. He prefers rascal, but
he’s still a scoundrel. Please may I sit there? In my place? No, on your knee. Do you think I’m pretty? I do. Well? Hm? Well I’ve heard you’re always impatient, but don’t change your
habits on my account. It would be strange for
a man who spends his life giving orders to take them from
a poor, weak woman like me. Kiss me, won’t you? I’m sure you can do better. Now you’re doing too well. But you don’t frighten me one little bit. The emperor, having levied a war penalty of 159,000 francs on Prussia, is symbolically presented
with the keys to the city by the Prince of Hartzfeld. On December the 20th, the emperor is in the chateau of Valtice. What is it, my friend, you seem excited. With good reason, Sire. A message from Paris just arrived that will give you the greatest of joy. On the 13th of December,
Mademoiselle Eleonore Denuelle, whom you knew in Paris. Hm, I remember very well. Gave birth to a child of the male sex and who resembles you marvelously, she says. And she requests that you
give the child a name. She would also like to know
how you want it registered. I’m not jumping with joy, Duroc. Because this is more grave than pleasant. And it may have consequences
that are incalculable. But suddenly, the Tsar interferes, and puts his hands on Poland. On the pretext, false
incidentally, of defending her. On my counsel, the
emperor swears to protect this poor Poland. I am named governor… You were ordered to Warsaw
on the 2nd of January, and in accordance with your nomination… I agreed. You are late, Madame. You’re wearing a wreath
of laurels, but no jewels. And your dress is white. And yet Madame you are perfectly aware that the Emperor Napoleon prefers ladies to be dressed in pink, and
more decollete than you are. Prince, the provisional government of my country requested me to keep
myself at the disposition of the Emperor Napoleon. I believe that this dress would
be fitting for a sacrifice. Madame la Comtesse Walewska. Tell me! There is a woman from
whom I have not hidden the sentiments that inspires in me. And whose visit I have
awaited each evening for the last week. But in vain. There is a woman to whom I, I’ve written burning letters, to whom I’ve sent flowers, to whom I’ve sent beautiful jewelry. And who boldly sends them back. Well, Sire, you can see I wasn’t lying when I spoke so highly of the nobility of this small country. Take my advice and say no more about it. You may recollect that
one day, I gave my word that I would never betray you without first notifying
you the day before. So, should Poland, by your doing, fail to recover its independence… What would happen? Come on, speak! Sire, that would be
the beginning of the end. Madame la Comtesse Walewska. As you see, I wear a pink dress. So I see, why? You remember the first
time that you asked me to come here? And you did not come. It would only have been for Poland. I disliked being a political arrangement. At the second summons, there was first Poland, then you. And the third time? You, and then Poland. And tonight? I have come for you alone. From conquest to conquest. The following month, the
emperor is victorious at Eylau. And on the 25th, on a raft which is moored at an equal distance from
both banks of the Neman, the emperor receives the
Tsar of All the Russias, for whom he affects a surprising fondness. He has decided upon a divorce, there’s no question about it. He swears to himself so
to inform the empress upon his departure. But there are looks in a woman’s eyes that constrict the heart. Especially when the woman,
extremely well-informed, would rather not hear any more. – Prince?
– Hm? Haven’t you forgotten to
tell us that in Spain… No no, Madame, no no. No no no, I haven’t forgotten a thing. No, please let me tell you
of the emperor in my fashion, disregarding this evening all that history would inevitably omit in the future. But, still, Trafalgar? Oh, it’s all right if the
English want to remember it. Let them. He prepares Wagram and
passing down the line, he indicates to each one the
goals that must be reached. He counsels Oudinot,
he speaks to MacDonald. He sees Massena, wounded the day before, reviewing his men from a carriage. July the 6th, 1809. Wagram. And when night came,
the Grande Armee rested. His grenadiers had raised
all about the emperor a pyramid of drums, and he slept thus protected from the enemy and from the cold. I wouldn’t want my
imperial husband to imagine that I am totally ignorant
of his innumerable and constant infidelities. What is more I receive enough women to have a detailed file. Thus I knew of your adventure that lasted interminably
with Madame Neuchatel. And in Cairo, your scandalous
liaison with Madame Foures, who often dressed as a man. Neither was I ignorant of your
adventure with that Grassini, the Italian singer. You might also like to
hear of my excellent friend. Carlotta Brentano. Perhaps you’d rather we talked
about Countess Walewska? Well, don’t forget someday we will. Divorce. Divorce. Divorce. Her Majesty, the empress. With the permission of
our dear and august husband, I do declare that, no
longer nourishing the hope of having children who would satisfy his political project, and the interests of France, I prefer to render him the
greatest proof of attachment and of devotion that has ever
been given on this earth. I think I demonstrate all these sentiments in consenting to the
dissolution of a marriage that from now on is an obstacle
to the welfare of France. With the dissolution… What if we discuss the future? The immediate future. Yes, enough about divorce. Yes, speak of marriage. Well, I’m hesitating between several princesses. Minister of Foreign Affairs we turn to you. Your Majesty should not hesitate. I know of your admiration for
the Tsar’s younger sister. But an alliance with Moscow is bound to annoy Germany,
Austria, and England. Then it’s Austria. Undoubtedly. And what is she like? Austria? Marie-Louise. Charming, charming. Lovely. Pretty. Ravishing. I’ll take this. Why not take her with it? If I eventually decide on Marie-Louise, it’s you, Berthier, who will be sent to
Vienna as our ambassador. Marriage? Marriage. Ah, he’s truly a man of genius. Do you think His Majesty
will request another selection? Yes the Eroica symphony. Naturally. So she doesn’t know what’s going on? No, not as yet. And whether you understand
German or not, my dear Marshal… I understood everything. Of course, and you can therefore imagine how vital it is that
His Majesty and myself enter it with care and prudence. We must be extremely diplomatic. What does the princess
ask Monsieur de Neipperg? How it was that Beethoven chose to the Eroica Symphony. The Eroica Symphony? What’s the significance? She hates the Eroica. What did he just tell her? Marriage. Napoleon. What is he waiting for? The birth of the king of Rome. For he has already given
him this fabulous name. And no one had better come to tell him that it might be a girl. Well? Sire, this is not going too well. What are you going to do? Sire, we may have to
lose one or the other. You must save the mother. That’s her undeniable right. But above all, don’t lose your head. Treat her like a shopkeeper
on the Rue Saint-Denis. And forget if you please
that she’s the empress. Corvisart. Thank you. And, nevertheless
it all went off normally. A son. I’m the happiest man the
world has ever known. Thank you. It seems he only waited
for that to return to war. General Caulaincourt. Ah, good. And on September the 7th, 1812, he won the brilliant victory
of the Moskowa River. I cannot find words that
seem sufficiently grand or exact or noble to describe the courage
all of you have shown. I’ve searched for many hours, and all I find are names of villages. Eckmuhl, Essling, Wagram, Danzig. I should like to give them to you. Massena, I name you prince of Essling. Lefebvre, duke of Danzig. Berthier, prince of Wagram. Kellermann, duke of Valmy. MacDonald, duke of Taranto. Davout, prince of Eckmuhl. Duroc, duke of Frioul. Marmont, duke of Ragusa. Murat, you are king of Naples
and I’m proud to confirm it. And to you, Marshal Ney, great victor of the day and already duke of Elchingen, I name you prince of the Moskowa. But don’t you have too many
illusions on that score, if someone asked one day,
how is the prince of Essling? They’d reply that Massena is quite well. The emperor is served. After you. – No, no.
– Yes! At Moscow there
awaited him the greatest, the most impressive and stunning surprise that a warrior might have. All of the inhabitants
had deserted Moscow. And every window and
door had been left open. There was nobody to fight. And the victory that he won there was to prove a disastrous one. Having reached the Kremlin and entered the Tsar’s apartments, he couldn’t believe his eyes. He was treated to the
most terrifying spectacle that could be imagined. Moscow in flames. Thus the Tsar sacrificed
his principal city so that Napoleon could never
say that it had been his. Then there was the retreat. Horrible, indescribable. Gigantic. I wanted to see you both. To see you both together. Fouche. You are a traitor! A bandit, a thief. And you have too soon forgotten that you voted for the
death of King Louis XVI. I have never forgotten, Sire. It was the first service
I was in a position to render Your Majesty. That is all, you may go! You’re no longer my minister. I should hang you, Fouche. Sire, I am not of your opinion. As for you, Monsieur de Talleyrand, you have conspired against me. Sire, I did not conspire,
except during those periods when I had the majority of
France as my accomplice, and where together we sought
only the good of France. And in any case, there has never been a
conspirator so dangerous to you as yourself. You’re a thief, a coward, and a traitor! A man without faith. That’s an exaggeration, and all that is exaggerated
is insignificant. You don’t believe in god, do you? To you, nothing is sacred,
you’d sell your own father. You’re nothing but scum
dressed in some stockings. – Oh!
– Oh! Yes, Madame, and more’s the
pity that such a great man should have been so coarse. But already he was off to the wars again. For despite the family ties
that bound him to Francis II, Austria had declared war on the emperor, allying itself with Russia and Prussia. And this time he felt the wind
of defeat whistling about him. It is at Fontainebleau
that we next find him. And it is there that he
himself next finds his men in a most lamentable state. Demoralized. And still he labored
under certain illusions. I must have Ney, Marmont, MacDonald, and Berthier here within the hour. And we shall fight on, even in Paris. But Sire, aren’t you afraid of
creating another Moscow? But my friend, I’m
obliged to meet the enemy wherever Providence will allow. Just leave it to me. Sire, do you know what’s happening in Paris? No. The provisional government of France has just proclaimed your dethronement. They cannot do it. Only the people have that right. And as to the Allies, I
will crush them in Paris. No, Sire. There’s no way out of this situation. There’s only one solution
to be considered, Sire. Abdication. You’re wrong, gentlemen, the soldiers do not agree with you. They think only of fighting, and of giving their lives
for me and for France. Even though they haven’t any ranks or special privileges to protect. I advise you follow them, marshals, since it appears you’re
afraid to lead them. Sire, the army will not march on Paris! The army will do as I say! I only have to give the word
and they will go anywhere! That is all, you may go. So France is in danger. And they want to deprive her
of the best soldier she has. Pitiful indeed he was. But he seemed to accept it, and it was that especially
which was pitiful. I think it took two
hours before I understood. Because the Allies have proclaimed that the Emperor Napoleon
is the only obstacle to the reestablishment of peace in Europe, the Emperor Napoleon, faithful to his oath,
hereby renounces all rights for himself and his heirs to the throne of France. And declares that any sacrifice
he personally might make, even of his life, he is ready to make in
the interests of France. Sire, never have you been so brave. The emperor! Officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers of my old guards. I bid you farewell. For 20 years now, we
have traveled together the road of honor and of glory. I leave you. Don’t pity me my lot. If I consented to remain alive it’s so I might continue in
the service of your glory. Farewell. I would like to clasp each one of you to my heart. Let me at least salute your general and your colors. Long live the emperor! The farewells were heart-rending. Even more so because they contrasted with the return of the
gouty King Louis XVIII, overjoyed in the recovery of his kingdom. It was an absurd idea to offer the emperor the sovereignty of the island of Elba. 40 times smaller than
a province of France. Yet, one day, destiny
had a surprise for him. Marie Walewska and their
son landed at Portoferraio. Marie. What a happy surprise
to have you both here. Do you think so? – Yes.
– Why? I have an impression
she’s come to fetch him. Accept the idea, I’d
never believed he’d retire after one defeat. Never. How extremely rare are
those one loves enough to remain silent in their presence. Do you think I might break this silence for one minute nevertheless? By all means. I feel that you should be advised, Sire, of what is happening in Paris. You know they are waiting
for you to come back, that you’re expected. And that poor Louis XVIII is
being called an old idiot, and that in foreign lands he
is the target for cruel jokes. Have you considered returning? You have considered it? And will it be soon? Oh, thank heavens. Rest assured, when a
man like that is silent for hours at a time,
he’s usually planning. And what does Napoleon
plan, if it weren’t to fight? When people talk about you, do you know what they say? What they call you? No. The Polish wife of Napoleon. And it’s so very true. I love you. And on March the 1st, the emperor stepped ashore at Golfe-Juan. Yes, Marshal Ney must go then. And without regard for the
past, to place him under arrest, having no other consideration
but the good of France. It should have a crushing effect. Anyway, I hope so. Sire, Marshal Ney, with orders from the king. Prince of the Moskowa, aren’t you ashamed? Yes. The emperor approaches, and the king withdraws. It is rare that a man seen from behind is able to maintain his dignity. And the war begins, again. They come from everywhere. Austria, Berlin, Moscow, England. Napoleon abdicated for the second time. And it was into Fouche’s
clutches that he abdicated. Fouche had become president
of the provisional government. And there, for three days,
at all hours of the day, fresh desertions took place. While a new devotion which he
had not foreseen manifested itself. General Count de Montholon, Jena, Madrid, Eckmuhl, Wagram, wounded five times in the
service of Your Majesty, begs the honor of accompanying
the emperor into exile, and of remaining at
his side until he dies. Thank you. My love, I too wish I might go with you. Marie. It’s impossible? For many reasons you know very well. So you think you will
never be able to return? How horrible. Monstrous. Have you seen the emperor? – No.
– No. What is it? Sire, it is a belt. But I would appreciate your wearing it. But why? Because I’ve sewn my
diamond necklace in the pouch. Oh, no. Don’t refuse it. Thank you. From this day forward,
all that was to take place was to enhance his glory
and his great renown. He became invulnerable. If all the countries united in a congress, and combined their efforts
for the sole purpose of assuring the emperor’s immortality, they could not have acted differently. By not accepting the great man who asked to take part in the deliberations, by persuading themselves
that he had been vanquished, as though Waterloo wiped out Austerlitz. And subsequently by making martyrs, in ignominious and revolting executions, of all those who had
previously betrayed him. Shoot at the heart! Fire! Avoid my face! Fire! By exiling
him to Saint Helena, Saint Helena, an arid rock. His Excellency, Governor Hudson Lowe. By placing his
infinitely precious person in the custody of an individual
who was narrow-minded, stubborn, mean, brainless,
heartless, and uneducated. By providing a ridiculous
residence for him. By depriving him of all that might have relieved his boredom. By censoring his letters
before giving them to him. Having him attended by a doctor
of dubious qualifications. By calling him general, and not emperor. And by the governor constantly repeating that he knew of no emperor on
the island of Saint Helena. Who addressed him curtly as. Monsieur. By condemning
him to a slow death. The Grande Armee. Very good. By writing
nothing on his tombstone, they have thus made him a legend forever. For on December the 15th, 1840, thousands upon thousands of Frenchmen awaited the immense catafalque that was bringing his remains to Paris. But, their hearts governing their eyes, this is what they saw.
Napoléon Bonaparte’s life, loves and exceptional destiny from 1769 to 1821, but as seen through the eyes of Talleyrand, the cynical and ironic politician who once was the Emperor of France’s Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Napoleon charges through Europe conquering crowns and bedding Josephine, while Talleyrand schemes behind velvet curtains as Murat’s cavalry tramples rivals.
Bonaparte’s cannonball trajectory finally stalls when Russia burns, Wellington checks his advance, and destiny exiles the Emperor to Saint Helena’s rock.
Director: Sacha Guitry
Writers: Sacha Guitry, Joe Wyner
Actors: Jean-Pierre Aumont, Jeanne Boitel, Pierre Brasseur
Genres: Biography, Drama, War
@CultCinemaClassics